The Utilitarian Reasoning Of An Unbiased Manner - 1167 Words

(Cohen and Ahn, 2016). The utilitarian reasoning process is hypothesized to be logical and controlled. The individual weighs the features that go into determining objective utility in an unbiased manner. Such reasoning will lead to the objective utilitarian conclusion (Cohen and Ahn, 2016). Since this reasoning process requires the manipulation of information and is under cognitive control, it uses working memory and it often takes time (Cohen and Ahn, 2016). Cohen and Ahn (2016) argue that moral judgments are utilitarian, though subjective. People try to save the competing item with the greatest personal value. People tend to assess the value of an item with their preconceived prior notions, their beliefs, emotions, and interests. Reason and emotion are two features of a single subjective utilitarian decision process. According to Cohen and Ahn (2016), the utilitarian model starts with the premise that each choice has a psychological value to the decision maker. The persona l value of the choice is represented by a distribution of values among a continuum. The personal value of an item is influenced by many features (Cohen and Ahn, 2016). This is to include both perceptual and cognitive factors. Perceptual factors include the observer’s phenomenological experience of multiple qualities of the item. The cognitive factors include the observer’s calculation of the relative importance of each quality of the item to the detection of the target (Cohen and Ahn, 2016).Show MoreRelatedThe Moral Theory Of Utilitarianism1725 Words   |  7 Pagesproblems with utilitarian thoughts are revealed. It has been widely debated by many philosophers, including G.E. Moore and Immanuel Kant. Like these two philosophers, I argue that utilitarianism is inadequate because of its contradictory nature as a moral theory. It highlights the principle of utility in seeking the greatest pleasure, allowing egotistic and hedonistic actions to be considered moral. John Stuart Mill, born in 1806 in London, is one of the most infamous utilitarians in history. HeRead MoreThe Ethics Of Gambling And Gambling1556 Words   |  7 Pagesis to acknowledge the effects of gambling and propose the importance of responsibility. I will present an unbiased view of gambling, paying close attention to the psychological effects and motives individuals have regarding gambling at casinos. Also, I will look at the positive results associated with having a successful casino business, so that allowing gambling is ethical from a utilitarian point of view. According to Hampson (as cited in Canale), previous studies that have found that higher participationRead MoreThe Theory Of Utilitarianism By John Stuart Mill2066 Words   |  9 Pagesthe book undermine and put holes in his reasoning, which serve undercut the ideology as a whole. 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What factor in David is affecting his perception in this case? a. his interests b. his experiences c. his expectations d. his motives e. his backgroundRead MoreWhy Ability Assessments Dont Cross Cultures10050 Words   |  41 Pagesuniversalism. In addition to the theoretical interests of cross-culOctober 1997 †¢ American Psychologist Copyright 1997 by the American Psychological Association. Ine. 0003-066X/97/$2.00 VoL 52. No. 10, 1115-1124 tural psychologists, there are also utilitarian reasons to carry IQ and other ability measures to new cultures. Ability assessments can be used in clinical settings (e.g., to diagnose mental deficiency), in educational settings (e.g., to place children in an academic track), and in occupationalRead MoreEthics And Professional Responsibilities Applied8100 Words   |  33 Pagesauthority of PCAOB since its standards could not control audit firms effectively. As a result, audit report users will lose their trust in audit firms too. Ethical Theories A. Social Contract Theory The foundation of social theory is a systematic utilitarian argument. The definition of social contract concept discussion should start at the point of what it is (Donaldson, Dunfee, 1994, p.1). The contract is an agreement between two parties. The contract will be invalid if one party violates the termsRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesupdated: April 26, 2016 Logical Reasoning Bradley H. Dowden Philosophy Department California State University Sacramento Sacramento, CA 95819 USA ii iii Preface Copyright  © 2011-14 by Bradley H. Dowden This book Logical Reasoning by Bradley H. Dowden is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. That is, you are free to share, copy, distribute, store, and transmit all or any part of the work under the following conditions: